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by Katie Erickson

This will be my third visit to you. “Every matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.” I already gave you a warning when I was with you the second time. I now repeat it while absent: On my return I will not spare those who sinned earlier or any of the others, since you are demanding proof that Christ is speaking through me. He is not weak in dealing with you, but is powerful among you. For to be sure, he was crucified in weakness, yet he lives by God’s power. Likewise, we are weak in him, yet by God’s power we will live with him in our dealing with you.
- 2 Corinthians 13:1-4

The final chapter of Paul’s second letter to the Corinthian church contains powerful and challenging words. Here, Paul begins concluding his correspondence with a stern yet hopeful reminder of his apostolic authority and the transformative power of Christ.

Paul begins in verse 1 by referencing his impending third visit to the Corinthians. This statement underscores his commitment to the community despite the issues they have faced. His repeated visits demonstrate his pastoral care and his determination to help them grow spiritually.

Paul quotes Deuteronomy 19:15, a principle from Jewish law that requires multiple witnesses to establish the truth in legal matters. By invoking this standard, Paul signals his intent to address the problems within the Corinthian church with fairness and accountability. He emphasizes that his judgments will not be arbitrary or based on rumors but will align with a clear and just process.

Paul moves from a general reminder to a direct warning in verse 2. He recalls the admonitions he gave during his previous visit and emphasizes that he will take decisive action upon his return if the issues persist. His tone here is firm, highlighting the seriousness of unrepented sin.

The phrase “I will not spare” shows that Paul is ready to exercise his apostolic authority. While his ministry is grounded in love and grace, he understands the importance of discipline within the church. Paul’s goal is not to condemn but to lead the Corinthians to repentance and restoration.

In verse 3, Paul addresses a challenge to his authority. Some in Corinth questioned whether Paul truly spoke on behalf of Christ, likely due to his humble demeanor and the trials he faced. Paul’s response points to the undeniable power of Christ at work among them.

Paul highlights that Christ’s power is not diminished by human weakness. On the contrary, Christ’s power is often revealed most profoundly in moments of weakness and humility. Paul’s ministry, though marked by suffering, is a testament to the transformative power of Christ. His words carry the authority of the risen Lord, who is actively working in the lives of believers. Christ’s power operates in ways that often defy human expectations, and His strength is made perfect in weakness, as Paul discussed previously in 2 Corinthians 12:9.

Paul provides a profound theological truth about the nature of Christ’s work and its implications for believers in verse 4. He contrasts Christ’s crucifixion and resurrection, illustrating the paradox of strength through weakness. Christ’s crucifixion represents the ultimate weakness in human terms – He was mocked, beaten, and executed. Yet, this act of apparent weakness was the means through which God’s redemptive power was unleashed. Through His resurrection, Christ lives eternally, demonstrating that God’s power triumphs over death and sin.

Paul applies this truth to himself and his ministry team. Their human weakness mirrors Christ’s crucifixion, but God’s power sustains them, enabling them to carry out their mission. This principle extends to all believers: our human frailty is not a barrier to God’s work but an opportunity for His power to shine through.

This passage provides multiple practical applications for Christians today. First, the principle of multiple witnesses reminds us to uphold fairness and integrity in all matters, especially conflict resolution. In our churches and personal relationships, we should seek truth and justice, avoiding hasty judgments or gossip.

Paul’s warning for correction underscores the importance of repentance and accountability. When confronted with our sins, we should respond with humility and a willingness to change, recognizing that correction is a sign of God’s love (Hebrews 12:5-11). How do we respond to correction? Are we willing to heed godly warnings, or do we resist accountability? Paul’s example also reminds leaders to balance grace with firmness, ensuring that the pursuit of holiness is not compromised.

Finally, the paradox of the cross invites us to surrender our weaknesses to God, trusting that His power is sufficient. When we feel inadequate, we can take comfort in knowing that God often works most powerfully through our limitations. Our spiritual strength does not come from our own efforts but from the risen Christ, who empowers us to live for Him.

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